Determinants of Cannabis Use Among Psychotics in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo: A cross-sectional study
Abraham Bilongo Mifundu,
Gilbert Lelo Mananga,
Aliocha Natuhoyila Nkodila,
Pelagie Babakazo,
Gauthier Ehunu Messia,
Samuel Ma-Miezi Mampunza
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2021
Pages:
44-49
Received:
6 July 2021
Accepted:
22 July 2021
Published:
5 August 2021
Abstract: Background and aim: The relationship between cannabis use and psychosis is well established, but the determinants of this use in psychotics in developing countries are lacking. The aim of this study is to identify the determinants of cannabis use among psychotics in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo. Methods: This cross-sectional and analytical study included 321 psychotics carried at the Neuropsycho-pathological Center of the University of Kinshasa out from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2019. The variables of interest were socio-demographic parameters, cannabis use and diagnoses of psychosis. A logistic regression model identified the determinants of cannabis use. The threshold of statistical significance was p<0.05. Results: The mean age of cannabis users was 30.9 ± 8.7 years with a sex ratio of 12 M / 1F. They represented 37% of psychotics of which 51% were of no religion and 55% were schizophrenics, 77% had tobacco-alcohol co-use, 83% had high education level and 78% were single. The determinants of cannabis use were male (aOR=2.01, 95% CI: 1.27-3.18; P<0.003), not belonging to a religion (aOR: 2.43, 95% CI: 1.24-4.80; p=0.010), tobacco co-consumption (aOR=9.12 95% CI: 4.35-19.13; p<0.001), alcohol (aOR=4.39, 95% CI: 2.22-8.71; p<0.001) and schizophrenia (aOR=2.29 95% CI: 1.15-3, 19.13; P=0.019). Conclusion: The prevalence of cannabis use among psychotics was high. They were young male schizophrenics, without religion, single with co-consumption of tobacco and alcohol. The determinants were male gender, non-religious affiliation, tobacco-alcohol co-consumption and schizophrenia.
Abstract: Background and aim: The relationship between cannabis use and psychosis is well established, but the determinants of this use in psychotics in developing countries are lacking. The aim of this study is to identify the determinants of cannabis use among psychotics in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo. Methods: This cross-sectional and analytica...
Show More
Pharmaceutical Practice of Ceftazidime-avibactam Combined with High Dose Meropenem in XDR-Klebsiella Pneumoniae Bloodstream Infection
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2021
Pages:
50-53
Received:
7 September 2021
Accepted:
22 September 2021
Published:
15 October 2021
Abstract: Background: The literature of ceftazidime-avibactam for bloodstream infections is limited, and whether meropenem (MIC ≥ 16 mg/L) can be used is also a perplexing issue for clinicians. Aim: To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of ceftazidime-avibactam combined with high dose meropenem in the treatment of extensively drug-resistant (XDR) klebsiella pneumonia (Kp) bacteremia. Methods: In 1 critically ill patient with XDR-Kp diagnosed through blood culture, tigecycline combined with cefoperazone-sulbactam and tigecycline combined with polymyxin B were successively given, and both showed poor anti-infection effects. The clinical pharmacists recommend ceftazidime-avibactam combined with high dose meropenem for anti-infection therapy. Through literature review, clinical pharmacists dynamically adjusted the dose according to the creatinine clearance rate of patients. Clinical pharmacists analyzed whether meropenem (MIC ≥ 16 mg/L) could be combined with ceftazidine-avibactam for XDR-Kp and recommended the dose of meropenem for 2g q8h and intravenous pumping for 4 hours. Results: Ceftazidime-avibactam combined with a large dose of meropenem pumped into the vein for a long time made XDR-Kp rapidly negative conversion, with clinical symptoms, signs and inflammatory indicators such as body temperature, PCT, and CRP significantly improved, without adverse reactions such as liver and kidney function. Conclusion: Ceftazidime-avibactam combined with high dose meropenem has a significant therapeutic effect on XDR-Kp and the efficacy is safe and reliable.
Abstract: Background: The literature of ceftazidime-avibactam for bloodstream infections is limited, and whether meropenem (MIC ≥ 16 mg/L) can be used is also a perplexing issue for clinicians. Aim: To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of ceftazidime-avibactam combined with high dose meropenem in the treatment of extensively drug-resistant (XDR) klebs...
Show More
